In the present study a total number of fifty six morphologically different bacterial strains were isolated from the sediment sample collected from Vellar estuary, South east coast of India. The isolated strains were screened based on the screening tests and from these eighteen strains were determined as biosurfactant producing bacteria using the selected screening tests. Eleven isolates were identified as gram negative whereas the remaining seven strains were gram positive. The response of the screening tests was different and the isolates were identified as Pseudomonas sp., Proteus sp., Bacillus sp. and Vibrio sp. The drop collapse test showed the maximum positive result followed by emulsification activity, hemolytic assay and oil spreading techniques. From this Pseudomonas sp. (SS10) with good surface tension reduction activity was selected for the biosurfactant production and were partially characterized as rhamnolipid.
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